DARBS AR ZIP FAILIEM PROGRAMMĀ PYTHON

Šajā rakstā ir paskaidrots, kā ar zip failu var veikt dažādas darbības, izmantojot vienkāršu python programmu. Kas ir zip fails? ZIP ir arhīva faila formāts, kas atbalsta datu saspiešanu bez zudumiem. Ar bezzudumu saspiešanu mēs domājam, ka saspiešanas algoritms ļauj perfekti rekonstruēt sākotnējos datus no saspiestajiem datiem. Tādējādi ZIP fails ir viens fails, kurā ir viens vai vairāki saspiesti faili, kas piedāvā ideālu veidu, kā samazināt lielus failus un saglabāt saistītos failus kopā. Kāpēc mums ir nepieciešami zip faili?

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Lai strādātu ar zip failiem, izmantojot python, mēs izmantosim iebūvētu python moduli, ko sauc zip fails .

1. zip faila izvilkšana

Python

# importing required modules from zipfile import ZipFile # specifying the zip file name file_name = 'my_python_files.zip' # opening the zip file in READ mode with ZipFile(file_name 'r') as zip: # printing all the contents of the zip file zip.printdir() # extracting all the files print('Extracting all the files now...') zip.extractall() print('Done!')

The above program extracts a zip file named 'my_python_files.zip' in the same directory as of this python script. The output of above program may look like this: Darbs ar zip failiem programmā Python' title=

Darbs ar zip failiem programmā Python' title=

Mēģināsim izprast iepriekš minēto kodu pa daļām:

```
from zipfile import ZipFile
```
ZipFile is a class of zipfile module for reading and writing zip files. Here we import only class ZipFile from zipfile module.
```
with ZipFile(file_name 'r') as zip:
```
Here a ZipFile object is made by calling ZipFile constructor which accepts zip file name and mode parameters. We create a ZipFile object in LASĪT režīmu un nosauciet to kā rāvējslēdzējs .
```
zip.printdir()
```
printdir() metode izdrukā arhīva satura rādītāju.
```
zip.extractall()
```
ekstrakts() metode izvilks visu zip faila saturu pašreizējā darba direktorijā. Var arī piezvanīt ekstrakts () method to extract any file by specifying its path in the zip file. For example:
```
zip.extract('python_files/python_wiki.txt')
```
This will extract only the specified file. If you want to read some specific file you can go like this:
```
data = zip.read(name_of_file_to_read)
```

2. Rakstīšana zip failā

Apsveriet direktoriju (mapi) ar šādu formātu: Darbs ar zip failiem programmā Python' title=

Here we will need to crawl the whole directory and its sub-directories in order to get a list of all file paths before writing them to a zip file. The following program does this by crawling the directory to be zipped: Python

# importing required modules from zipfile import ZipFile import os def get_all_file_paths(directory): # initializing empty file paths list file_paths = [] # crawling through directory and subdirectories for root directories files in os.walk(directory): for filename in files: # join the two strings in order to form the full filepath. filepath = os.path.join(root filename) file_paths.append(filepath) # returning all file paths return file_paths def main(): # path to folder which needs to be zipped directory = './python_files' # calling function to get all file paths in the directory file_paths = get_all_file_paths(directory) # printing the list of all files to be zipped print('Following files will be zipped:') for file_name in file_paths: print(file_name) # writing files to a zipfile with ZipFile('my_python_files.zip''w') as zip: # writing each file one by one for file in file_paths: zip.write(file) print('All files zipped successfully!') if __name__ == '__main__': main()

The output of above program looks like this: Darbs ar zip failiem programmā Python' title=

Mēģināsim saprast iepriekš minēto kodu, sadalot to fragmentos:

```
def get_all_file_paths(directory): file_paths = [] for root directories files in os.walk(directory): for filename in files: filepath = os.path.join(root filename) file_paths.append(filepath) return file_paths
```
First of all to get all file paths in our directory we have created this function which uses the os.walk() metodi. Katrā iterācijā visi šajā direktorijā esošie faili tiek pievienoti sarakstam, ko sauc failu_ceļi . Beigās mēs atgriežam visus failu ceļus.
```
file_paths = get_all_file_paths(directory)
```
Here we pass the directory to be zipped to the get_all_file_paths() funkciju un iegūstiet sarakstu ar visiem failu ceļiem.
```
with ZipFile('my_python_files.zip''w') as zip:
```
Here we create a ZipFile object in WRITE mode this time.
```
for file in file_paths: zip.write(file)
```
Here we write all the files to the zip file one by one using rakstīt metodi.

3. Visas informācijas iegūšana par ZIP failu

Python

# importing required modules from zipfile import ZipFile import datetime # specifying the zip file name file_name = 'example.zip' # opening the zip file in READ mode with ZipFile(file_name 'r') as zip: for info in zip.infolist(): print(info.filename) print('tModified:t' + str(datetime.datetime(*info.date_time))) print('tSystem:tt' + str(info.create_system) + '(0 = Windows 3 = Unix)') print('tZIP version:t' + str(info.create_version)) print('tCompressed:t' + str(info.compress_size) + ' bytes') print('tUncompressed:t' + str(info.file_size) + ' bytes')

The output of above program may look like this: ' title=

for info in zip.infolist():

Here infolist() metode izveido gadījumu ZipInfo klase, kurā ir visa informācija par zip failu. Mēs varam piekļūt visai informācijai, piemēram, failu nosaukumu sistēmas pēdējās modifikācijas datumam, kurā faili tika izveidoti. Failu ZIP versijas lielums saspiestā un nesaspiestā formā u.c. Šī raksta autors ir Nikhils Kumars . Izveidojiet viktorīnu